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                   1945, was seized in Tengen-Weichs.             As a result, nuclear contraband is
                   The plutonium was part of a growing            moving down the same pipeline as used
                   pile of bomb-grade materials made              by Afghans to move guns, heroin and
                   available when the United States and           looted Buddha artifacts. As of July,
                   Russia complied with their mutual arms-        1994, Germany has registered 241 cases
                   reduction treaties. Bernd Schmidbauer,         of attempted nuclear smuggling. What
                   the minister responsible for Germany's         was revealing was that examination of
                   intelligence service, warned that nuclear      the 6 grams of plutonium 239 discovered
                   smuggling had reached a dramatic turn          in Tengen-Weichs showed that it could
                   in that Mafia-like organizations were          traced back to one of Russia's three big
                   becoming involved. Knowing that the            nuclear installations. Nuclear experts
                   West is entering a new era of nuclear          consulted by Stuttgart public prosecutors
                   terrorism from the former Soviet Union         were reported as saying that they suspect
                   he warned on German television: "We            as much as 148 kg of weapons-grade
                   have    reached   a   spectacular   new        plutonium is on the black market in
                   dimension... Perhaps the most dramatic         Europe --  enough to make around 10
                   thing about it is that this material came      nuclear bombs.
                   from     Russia's    nuclear    weapons
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                   industry."                                               The Path of Snakes

                                                                     “It is not healthy when a nation
                   After   the  Cold   War,   the   nuclear
                   superpowers dismantled some 30,000                lives within a nation, as coloured
                   warheads, thereby reducing the danger             Americans      are   living    inside
                   of a nuclear holocaust but, ironically,           America. A nation cannot live
                   greatly increasing the opportunities for          confident of its tomorrow, if its
                   nuclear theft and, eventually, nuclear            refugees    are   among    its  own
                   terrorism around the world. Even though           citizens” -- Pearl S. Buck
                   the Russians have vowed that their
                   nuclear safeguards are among the safest        Further   investigations  indicate  that
                   in the world, Western experts doubt very       enriched uranium  and other substances
                   much that this is true. Nuclear analysts       for making nuclear weapons are being
                   around the world are well aware that           smuggled out of the defunct Soviet
                   Russian morale has plummeted and               Union and are for sale in clandestine
                   working    conditions   have   seriously       arms bazaars outside of the former
                   deteriorated for the 100,000 people once       empire. One of these bazaars is in
                   employed    in   their  nuclear-weapons        Peshawar, a Pakistani city next to the
                   complex. This presents the prospect that       Khyber Pass, where nuclear material and
                   some would prefer to profit from it in         the much sort after plutonium are
                   order to improve their living conditions.      actively  traded. 3  Strategic   nuclear
                   With the potential black-market price of       equipment, looted from high-security
                   a bomb-size amount of plutonium in the         sites and military installations in the
                   region of hundreds of millions of dollars,     former Soviet Union, is being shipped
                   it would not be surprising to find that        down the smugglers' route to Peshawar
                   some discontented and unpaid plant             through    Turkmenistan    and    across
                   workers willing to steal some of this          Afghanistan's Hindu Kush mountains.
                   material.                                      Nuclear salesmen are offering to sell
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