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Sutherland -- a jarldom ruled by Norsemen and The language of the Scots, however, did not
Gallgaels. long prevail over all the nation. When Mal-
colm Canmore made an English Princess his
The southern shores of the Firth of Forth to Ed- Queen in 1058 -- the revered Saint Margaret
inburgh was continually fought over by Strath- whose tiny chapel is still in use in Edinburgh
clyde Britons and Bernician English. It is Castle -- English became the language of the
interesting to note how Vikings were already Scottish Court. Malcolm's son, David I, was
united with English and Celtic peoples. educated at the Anglo-Norman Court and his
Amongst all these peoples the ancient Celtic Queen was an Anglo-Norman. Throughout his
Church patiently and successfully ministered reign he encouraged a peaceful invasion of
the gospel of the Kingdom of God -- Columba Normans and English throughout his King-
being an outstanding figure in this respect. dom.

From the end of the eighth century, the Norse- Many Scottish Clans Were Founded by
men invaded and crowded into Scotland. The Norsemen and Normans
Picts -- both Celtic and Canaanite -- were
weakened by their incessant warfare with the It is not generally realized that many of the
fierce Vikings, and it is believed that this en- proud Scottish clans were in fact founded by
abled the King of the Scots, Kenneth Norsemen and Normans, including the Cum-
MacAlpine, to defeat them. This caused a mass mings, Frasers, Gordons, Gunns, Hays and
migration of the Canaanite Picts to the New Hendersons, the Malcolms, MacLeods, Mac-
World -- leaving only a few scattered pockets Nicols, Mathesons, Menzies and Morrisons,
of their kind in the islands of Scotland. In A.D. the Sinclairs and Stewarts, the Armstrongs,
844 Kenneth MacAlpine was crowned King of Bruces, Carnegies, Crawfords and Cunning-
both the Celtic Picts and the Scots. His accep- hams, the Dalyells, Erkines, Hamiltons, Kerrs,
tance by the Picts was doubtless aided by the Melvilles and Montgomeries, the Ramsays, the
fact that there had been continual intermarrying Ruthvens, the Setons and the Turnbulls. The
between the Royal families of the Picts and the clans Maxwell, Livingston (Lowland), Lind-
Scots -- and his mother was a Pictish Princess. say, Haldane, Eliot, Cranston and Barclay
were founded by Englishmen. Sir Walter Scott
Celtic Traditions Were a Powerful Uniting declared --
Influence
"Scarce a great family in the Lowlands
The two peoples now became one nation, that is not to be traced to the Normans."
named the Scots. The Celtic traditions of the
Scots had a powerful uniting influence upon all Scotland's great hero, Robert the Bruce, was of
the various peoples inhabiting Scotland for, in- Norman descent. Another great hero, William
credible though it may seem, those of British, Wallace (Braveheart) was, as his name re-
English, Scandinavian and Norman descent veals, of Welsh descent.
took great pride in the Celtic past of their
country. When the Viking, King Magnus, led The utter folly of demanding the division of
punitive expeditions into Scotland to bring Vi- Great Britain on "racial" grounds is surely ob-
king colonies in line who had neglected to send vious. The same peoples who colonized Scot-
tribute to their homeland, he fell in love with land also colonized England, Wales and
the Scottish garb and earned the nick-name Ireland. Also, apart from a tiny minority left
"Magnus Barelegs" through wearing the kilt. over from the Canaanite or Phoenician Picts

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